Licorice Root (Glycyrrhiza glabra): Ancient Herb with Modern Healing Power
Licorice root, also known by its scientific name Glycyrrhiza glabra, is more than just a natural sweetener. It is a powerful medicinal herb with a rich history of use in Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Arabic medicine, and modern naturopathy. Known in Arabic as عرقسوس (‘araqsoos), this root offers a wide range of therapeutic properties, from digestive support to hormonal balance and skin rejuvenation.
In this in-depth article, we explore the origins, benefits, applications, safety, dosage, and research-backed evidence surrounding licorice root to help you understand why this humble herb is still celebrated by healers and researchers today.

The Historical Significance of Licorice
Licorice is one of the oldest herbal remedies in recorded history:
Ancient Civilizations That Used Licorice:
- Egyptians: Used licorice in teas and tonics for digestion and cleansing. Found in Pharaoh tombs like that of King Tutankhamun.
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Known as “Gan Cao,” it is referred to as “The Great Harmonizer” and used in over half of Chinese herbal formulas.
- Greeks & Romans: Hippocrates praised it for soothing coughs and gastric disorders.
- Islamic Medicine: Scholars like Ibn Sina (Avicenna) recommended licorice for chest and stomach ailments.
Across these traditions, licorice was used not just for healing but also as a base herb to balance other potent herbs in formulas.
Nutritional and Phytochemical Profile of Licorice
Licorice contains over 300 known compounds, many of which have powerful medicinal effects.
Key Active Compounds:
- Glycyrrhizin: A saponin compound that gives licorice its sweet flavor and provides anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immune-modulating effects.
- Glabridin: A flavonoid known for skin brightening and anti-aging effects.
- Liquiritigenin: Offers antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective actions.
- Isoflavones: Act as phytoestrogens, helpful in hormone balancing.

Extensive Health Benefits of Licorice Root
1. Digestive Protection & Healing
Licorice is most famous for its ability to protect and soothe the gastrointestinal tract:
- Heals ulcers and gastritis
- Inhibits H. pylori bacteria
- Reduces inflammation in the stomach lining
- Improves bile flow for better digestion
DGL licorice (Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice) is a specialized form used to treat ulcers and GERD without affecting blood pressure.
2. Respiratory Relief and Immune Defense
Licorice acts as an expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and natural cough suppressant:
- Eases bronchitis and asthma symptoms
- Soothes sore throats
- Helps loosen and expel mucus
- Boosts resistance to viral infections (influenza, herpes, hepatitis viruses)
Scientific Insight: Studies show glycyrrhizin inhibits viral replication and enhances interferon activity, a natural immune system response.
3. Balances Hormones in Women
Licorice has mild estrogenic effects due to its isoflavonoid compounds. It may help:
- Reduce PMS symptoms
- Regulate menstrual cycles
- Support women with PCOS
- Alleviate menopausal hot flashes and mood swings
Note: Because it can affect estrogen levels, women with estrogen-sensitive conditions should consult a doctor.
4. Adrenal and Stress Support
Licorice supports adrenal gland function and helps the body adapt to chronic stress:
- Increases cortisol half-life (supporting energy and alertness)
- Helps reduce fatigue
- Enhances resilience to physical and emotional stress
Clinical studies suggest that moderate licorice use may help with Adrenal Fatigue Syndrome (AFS).
5. Liver Health and Detoxification
Licorice is a liver-protective herb:
- Detoxifies the liver and bloodstream
- Reduces ALT and AST liver enzymes
- Fights fatty liver and liver fibrosis
- Helps protect against chemical toxicity
Traditional Arab medicine often used licorice in formulas for “cleaning the blood” and relieving jaundice.
6. Skin Health and Brightening
Licorice is a star ingredient in modern skincare:
- Fades dark spots, melasma, and sun damage
- Calms inflammation, redness, and acne
- Treats eczema and psoriasis
- Protects skin from UV-induced aging
The compound glabridin blocks the enzyme that causes melanin overproduction, making it a natural alternative to chemical brightening agents.

Forms of Licorice Available Today
Form | Description | Common Use |
Dried Root | Whole or cut | Tea and infusions |
Licorice Tea | Herbal blends | Digestion, coughs |
DGL Tablets | Glycyrrhizin removed | Ulcers, safe for long-term use |
Powder | Ground root | Smoothies, DIY face masks |
Extract or Tincture | Concentrated form | Potent medicinal use |
Skincare Serums | Topical extract | Pigmentation and anti-aging |
Risks and Side Effects of Licorice
Despite its benefits, excessive intake can lead to serious side effects:
High Doses of Glycyrrhizin May Cause:
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Hypokalemia (low potassium)
- Water retention and swelling
- Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat)
- Hormonal disruption in men and women
Contraindications:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
- Patients with kidney, heart, or liver disorders
- People taking blood pressure meds, diuretics, or corticosteroids
To avoid side effects, limit use to no more than 100 mg of glycyrrhizin per day or choose DGL licorice.
What the Research Says
- A 2020 meta-analysis in Phytotherapy Research confirmed licorice’s effectiveness in managing peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis.
- A study in the Journal of Dermatological Science found glabridin reduces UVB-induced pigmentation and inflammation.
- Laboratory studies indicate promising antiviral activity against SARS-related viruses and hepatitis B and C.
- Ongoing trials are examining licorice’s role in COVID-19 supportive care, IBS, and autoimmune diseases.
How to Choose Quality Licorice Products
When purchasing, look for:
- Standardized extracts (e.g. 10% glycyrrhizin)
- Organic and wildcrafted sources
- 3rd party tested for purity
- Reputable brands specializing in herbal medicine
Avoid licorice-flavored candies unless labeled as “real licorice root.”
Final Thoughts: Is Licorice Right for You?
Licorice is more than a sweet treat — it’s a deeply healing herbal powerhouse. With its proven benefits in gut health, skin health, hormone balance, and immunity, licorice remains one of the most versatile and researched herbs in both traditional and modern wellness.
However, like all powerful herbs, it must be used wisely and responsibly. Always consult your doctor if you’re using it for therapeutic purposes, especially if you have chronic health conditions or are on medications.
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